Article 2840 CCQ - Challenging integrity

Article 2840 removes the need to prove that a technology-based document's medium or processes ensure its integrity, unless the person contesting its admissibility establishes, by a preponderance of evidence, that the document's integrity has been breached.

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What it means for your syndicate

The burden therefore falls on the challenger: a well-kept technology-based document is treated as reliable until a breach of its integrity is shown.

This is a strong defensive position for a syndicate - provided integrity is genuinely assured upstream (non-modifiable documents, access logging).

CondoAide reinforces this position with read-only retention, time-stamping and hashing, which make any alteration detectable.

Official text of the article

The official, up-to-date text of article 2840 is published by the Éditeur officiel du Québec. CondoAide only provides a plain-language summary here.

Last verified on July 13, 2026. CondoAide is not a legal authority and does not replace professional advice. If there is any discrepancy, the official Civil Code text prevails.

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